Sara Lee Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Sara Lee - Coursework Example Sara Lee also employs 137,000 persons worldwide. Key initiatives regarding manufacturing and quality processes need a higher level of reliability across every bakery, whereas an apparent business objective, constancy across each field operation brings considerable challenges. Challenges: â€Å"In The Netherlands, the Shop Account Managers of Sara Lee International keep in close contact with their retail channels. Due to the competitive nature of the retail market, it is of the utmost importance that the sales force is supported with a customer relationship management solution which is agile and responds to their requirements† (Lee, 2007). Retrenchment Strategy Assessment: Subsequent to Sara Lee’s retrenchment, the business is capable to give attention to its food service, food and beverage and worldwide businesses. Sara Lee’s key aims for its remaining business are to give attention to customer requirements and operating excellence, and at the same time in generating a physically powerful brand through wide modernizations and competitive pricing. The business successfully employs its retail meats, by selling them to its foodservice clientele. Its meat business has enlarged in sales and operating revenue, while professionally it has benefited by modernizations in grocery items. These modernizations boosted sales over $100 million, even while its core products’ sales were flat. The business holds 20% market share in a rising industry of approximately $10 billion. Sara Lee is one of the most significant market leaders in North America in retail breads. Sara Lee has positioned itself in mounting divisions and stalling unconnected segm ents in its body care product and household lines. These divisions function separately from core food items of Sara Lee’s businesses. The products of Sara Lee comprise bakery, household items, and beverage body care brands etc. Majority of the sales segment of sales is made in the western part of Europe. Sara Lee has a 9%market share of coffee, making it the second highest on earth. Its sales are exceed $1.7 billion, with the introduction of the most excellent selling coffee invention in Europe. While the continent has very strong needs for specialty coffees in that area, Sara Lee altered its most excellent selling coffee pans to dish up espresso and cappuccino drinks. The bakery line for the business has not been as flourishing throughout Europe. Customers choose extremely fresh-baked bread; on the other hand, Sara Lee can only offer packaged bread. While packaged bread merely creates 12% of the bread in market situation, it is expected to enlarge to 25% by 2015. Sara Leeâ⠂¬â„¢s bread also has been flourishing in Spain, while, where it dominates the nations with a 54 % market share. Sara Lee is at present not in an attractive market situation but if increase the packaged bread it may be capable to capture a huge market share. While it offers low-calorie food and desserts to its clientele, Sara Lee has met the requirements of its clientele and captured a bigger market share. Sara Lee’s holds the number one brand name of product Kiwi, shoe polish, which accumulates a worldwide market share of around 63%. And also its shoe polish reports for approximately 16% of the unit’s sales. Although Sara Lee’s has the leading brand of shower, the market is gradually rising at 1%. This averts the business from taking benefit of potential incomes in the market. The company possess almost 28% market share in the production

Influences Of Feminism On Political Science

Influences Of Feminism On Political Science This essay will evaluate the influences of feminism on political science. Feminists have given us a different outlook on what we define as politics. In simple terms politics is about power. However the ways and spheres with in which this power is exercised and the actors who have authority to use it can be debated. By challenging conventional ideas of what is political, feminists have broadened the definition of politics. The question above will be answered in this essay by firstly looking at the historical roots of feminism. I will then move on to describe the term feminism and how this movement has developed over the years. In the second half of the essay I will look at how feminists view the state. Finally I will carry out a case study to reinforce the contributions made by feminism to the field of political analysis. Although feminist aspirations have been expressed in societies dating back to china, they were not underpinned by a political theory until the publication of Mary Wollstonecrafts a vindication of the rights of women (Heywood, 2002:61). In terms of Europe, the first set of women who highlighted issues regarding their sex did this for religion and within religious frameworks (Walters, 2005:6). Following this in the early 19th century campaigns were organized for improving education, increasing opportunities to work outside home, legal rights for married women and the concept of giving women the right to vote was initiated (Walters, 2005: 41). As a result of the demand for voting rights for women, the suffragettes movement came into being. In 1918, women over the age of 30 were given the vote; and in March 1928, under a conservative government, they finally won it on equal terms with men (Walters, 2005: 85). In simple terms feminism can be defined as an ideology committed to promoting the social role of women and, in most cases, dedicated to the goal of gender equality (Heywood, 2002: 423). Firstly the idea that there is gender and inequality in terms of sex, secondly the fact that this patriarchal system should not be allowed to dominate forms the base of feminism (Heywood, 2002: 61). Feminism essentially can be divided into three sub sections. First wave, second wave and third wave. It can be observed that with time feminism has become more radical as demands have increased. The first wave feminism, which is also known as liberal feminism, was initiated by the suffragettes movement. Mary Wollstonecraft laid the foundations for first wave liberal feminism with the help of her book a vindication of the rights of women (Pettiford, 2005: 159). In A vindication of rights of women, she used liberal arguments to make the case for equal rights and opportunities for women (Pettiford, 2005: 159) . Liberal feminism focuses on the reasons behind women being classified secondary to men. They do not question the epistemological assumptions for these differences and mainly focus on the given content. Liberal feminist believe that by empowering women legally they can raise their status in society. These include a number of issues for example the problems faced by refugee women and sex trafficking (Smith, 2007: 188). The second and third wave feminism is critical of liberal feminism. Second wave feminism came about after the Second World War in a number of countries. By 1947 the UN had established a commission that served the purpose of looking at the status of women in society. In 1949 by issuing the declaration of human rights, the UN acknowledged that both men and women have equal rights in terms of marriage and divorce (Walters, 2005: 97). With the help of the womens liberation movement, the demands of more radical feminists were presented to the world. The aim was to stretch the concept of politics and stop it from being only restricted to its arena definition. The famous slogan the personal is political came around (Heywood, 2002: 12). Politics was not only about the state or government now; it was seen as an everyday experience. This means that it is present in relationships between families, work colleagues and almost any association one individual might have with another. Radical feminists demand a sexual revolution through which they argue we can remove the patriarchal state that currently exists (Heywood, 2002:12). The third wave of feminism raises many fundamental questions about their discipline. These include looking at the methodologies that are used in political science. By challenging the state as being the only arena for power and politics, feminists have produced a range of arguments through which politics can be defined or analyzed. To begin with by uncovering the idea of patriarchal state, the feminist have made a huge contribution to make us view how are legal and state institutes are controlled by men and also how conventionally politics has been viewed as male stream (Hay, 2002: 71). Feminist perspectives can be divided into five broad categories: The neutral state, patriarchal state, capitalist state, women-friendly welfare state and finally the post structural state. Liberal feminist have made contributions to the idea of a neutral state. They influenced policy making. Public debates surrounding equal pay, quotas and citizenships are now being seen under the light of equality and universality. These will enable women to step into institutes that have a male majority. Liberal feminists have armed us with a numerous of essential ideas regarding justice that are still being used in feminist debates (Marsh, 2006: 119-120). Radical feminist have given us ideas that help in unmasking the patriarchal nature of the state. This in turn has helped in uncovering how the state has a part to play for gender inequalities within various settings (Marsh, 2006: 122). Marxist and socialist feminist contribution was to conceptualize the state as a social relation and to stress the importance of understanding capitalist relations when theorizing the state (Marsh, 2006: 123). It emphasised the idea of the work women do for their family without demanding a wage and established a fresh outlook to liberal and radical feminist perspectives on the state (Marsh, 2006: 123). The women-friendly welfare state feminist approach contributed to feminist debates on the state by highlighting the role of context in feminist state theory. It provided tools for analysing by challenge questioning widely accepted theories and judgments about womens link to the welfare state which was built on Anglo-American theory and research. Furthermore by looking at gender and state in terms of theory it gave us a softer approach of analysis to the values of womens agency (Marsh, 2006: 124-125). Post structural approaches have contributed significantly to feminist debates about the state by highlighting the differentiated nature of the state and by questioning the unity of state responses (Marsh, 2006: 125). The classical definition of politics provided to us by the author Robert Dahl which is that power exists when A is able to make B do something that B wouldnt normally have chosen to do (Heywood, 2002: 11). This makes power a key concept of political science. If we then look at feminism, it is not hard to deduce from the definitions of the movement provided in the first part of this essay that feminists do indeed focus and criticise the use of power. It can be argued that ideas such as rational choice theory and feminism have produced a whole new language with a range of lexis for the analysis of political science. The question of what is politics? and whether or not it is a science or not can be looked in a whole new light. The key three terms that have been developed for this debate are ontology, epistemology and methodology. Ontology refers to what is out there in the world to know. Epistemology helps us to trace how we know about these ontological issues that exist. Finally methodology is a term used to describe the means employed to search for ontology and epistemology. Feminism has been described as going through three epistemological phases: rationalist (positivist), anti rationalist and post rationalist (interpretive). By rejecting conventional borders of political science and bringing up the issue of public/private dichotomy, feminists have indeed provided essential tools to dissect and analyse political issues and disci pline (Stoker, 2002: 113-115). In order to summarize and emphasise the contribution of feminist theory I will now analyse a case study. Currently the world is plagued by wars in countries like Iraq and Afghanistan. Along with this the current recession has left many unemployed and it is safe to say the world is going through a rather dark time. Due to word restriction I have decided to only look at the war on Iraq and analyze it from a feminist point of view. The key issue I will be looking at is how the meaning of protection and security has taken a new dimension when we analyze the war on Iraq from a feminist perspective. To begin with decision to enter Iraq was made by representatives of a patriarchal structure which included ideas such as revenge, strength and bravery. These ideas would contradict feminine ideas like compromise. War on Iraq followed after September 11 attacks on the twin towers in New York. It also resulted because the Bush administration claimed that Saddams regime were in possession of weapons of mass destruction. However these weapons were never found and civilians as well as military personnel are dying on a regular basis in these parts of the world. If we then look at this in the broader sense, the soldiers who die in these wars leave behind families. This increases the responsibility on women as they have to usually become the breadwinners of the family (Owens, 2008: 270). This not only challenges the myth of pr otection but also allows us to see how feminists historically contributed to allow women to become responsible for the welfare for their families. For example if we were to accept the idea of women being confide to households, who would provide basics necessities of life to these families. Along with this if a women has taken up a role of the head of the house then why should she not be allowed to make decisions on higher institutional levels. Feminists define security broadly and encompass ideas such as violence, physical, economic and ecological security (Owen, 2008: 270). The national security of states, defined in masculine terms lays emphasis on military strength, can overlook the physical and economic security of individuals (Owen, 2008: 270). This essay has reflected on the various influences that feminism has had on political science. By questioning the relationship between public/private, feminists have contributed in revealing the complexities of the political world. The case study I used above can show us how if we were to filter conflicts from a feminist perspective, we can take account of humanitarian crises that lie ahead. Finally by showing that power is a universal and everyday practice, feminism has allowed us to see that politics indeed exists in our society and in political institutes such as the state.

Essay --

My senior project research paper: My senior project is going to be about a card game called Magic the Gathering it’s based around five color Mana, Mana is the lifeblood of playing MTG your five kinds of Mana are Plains, Mountain, Island, Forest, Swamp. MTG has been around sense early 1990’s Richard Garfield is the creator behind MTG and the publisher is Wizards of the Coast. Magic The Gathering is a card game that takes place in a fictitious multiverse. Each plane is a different universe with different characters. Richard Garfield created the game in the early 1990’s. When the publisher house Wizards of the Coast published the game and it went crazy. Richard Garfield was a huge hit. At that time he was a mathematics professor and a game designer, then later around 1994 he joined Wizards of the Coast as a full time game designer and left the academia world. In Richard Garfield’s creation Magic the Gathering card game, the history, rules and different world’s of the game are important mystical parts. Dominaria is a vast plane on which Humans, Goblins, Merfolk, Dragons, Zombies, and Elves lived in a war ravaged environment. In the beginning there was a war known as the Dragon War that carried on for years and the dragons terrorized Dominaria for many more years to come. And in the latter years of the war a women named Sivitri Scarzam united with the Lesser Elders Scarzam accompanied her offspring into the battle of Corondor. Afterwards the Primeval Dragons Rith, Treva, Dromar, Crosis, and Darigaaz, conquered the would until human wizards took there powers then killing three of them. The two remaining Elder dragons governed for a uncertain amount of time. After Numena fell due to infighting, there is a cavity in th... ...hrough the Safehavens ending the Ice age as well as the Time of the Shards. Now with Doninaria beginning to reheat thanks to the World Spell as well as its axis being restored ice is starting to melt as well as new plagues and the time known as the flood was upon them Tresserhorn, Fyndhorn, as well as many other places of great power in the last years of the ice age witherd away like a Rose in the desert, while other happenings the fall of the School of the unseen at one time was the City of Shadows and Lat-Nam, as well as Scildev was destroyed by Lim-DÃ »l how was getting his awaited vengeance. The once great Wrenna was taken control by a dark mage and started to dwindle in its former power. Even in the darkest of times ight still finds its way through as it did by way new nations rose Benalia is one of the’s which replace Sheoltun, and Yavimaya, where Fynhrn

Comparison of ‘Futility’ and ‘Poppies’

The two notorious war poems Futility by Wilfred Owen and Poppies by Jane Weir are poems that are different in many ways. Although they are both based on war, the theme of each poem is different. It is clear that ‘Poppies’ is about a mother talking about her son leaving her, whilst ‘Futility’ is about a man grieving the death of a comrade in battle. Whilst both poems share a sense of loss, in ‘Poppies’, it is more a fear of the possibility of loss rather than the persona in ‘Futility’ who expresses his loss and the anger and frustration that comes from it. In this way, the atmosphere portrayed in each poem is different; ‘Futility’ shows a more bitter sense of anguish, expressed through the way the narrator is asking why his friend cannot be awoken, which shows a harsher feeling of despair than in ‘Poppies’. ‘Poppies’ shows a much calmer sense of sadness again through the language used by the poet. Jane Weir uses much softer words like, ‘smoothed’, ‘graze’, ‘melting’, ‘traced’, which create a more flowing and soothing effect to the poem. If one looks at each poem from the perspective of looking at how each one relates to war, then it is easy to see which one is the stronger of the two. ‘Futility’ was written by Wilfred Owen, a man who served during the war. Most of his poems about war are generally quite harsh and graphic. ‘Futility’, although it is not a graphic poem about death, carries the harsh realism of a man who has lost a friend and is beside himself with hopelessness. Wilfred Owen is able to put real emotion into his writing because of his personal experiences in war. This is where ‘Poppies’ is weaker than ‘Futility’. Jane Weir is a modern day poet who was born after the second war. This means that ‘Poppies’ loses some value because it is not a personal experience. This could mean that she portrays a soft feeling to war in her writing, or almost a naive idea of what war is actually like having not experienced it like Wilfred Owen. The main difference between the two poems is that ‘Poppies’ is written as a narrative (more like a story than a poem), whilst ‘Futility’ uses much more poetic expressions and language, talking about the subtle power of the sun. Personally I prefer ‘Futility’ because it uses more poetic language and speaks of true emotions felt during the war. Also the fact that it was written by a poet who experienced the war and was a soldier during it makes the poem more credible and personal which, I think, adds to the sentimental value of the poem.

Poorly Written Report

Example of a Poorly Written Report â€Å"Loose Bolts? † February 30, 1973 The film â€Å"Loose Bolts? † is an analysis of what became known as the Lordstown syndrome by business week magazine. Interviews with workers, foremen, and union officials in this film show how a bored and dissatisfied works turns out cars (Chevy Vega's) with major flaws. I recommend this film to anyone interested in the study of worker attitudes. – Paul Marshall, Professor of Management, Harvard Business School The filmmaker is skillful and perceptive in portraying the boredom and hopelessness of the men in this factory. † – Roberta Peterson This case involves inserting ourselves at the anus level of management who supervise approximately many workers on an assembly line at the Lordstown, Ohio, GM plant in 1972. Our goal is to come up with some meaningful differences we could have made as a foremen in improving employee-management relations at that time. Our primary goal is t o improve worker-management relationships.From Loose Bolts, â€Å"The ideal foreman could not let the people he managed know he is in agreement with them. If he is in sympathy with the people, he is dead as a foreman or as a supervisor. He’s lost the ballgame as far as conducting his job satisfactorily as a member of management. † If we read this quote and believe in it, our analysis should stop right here, it ain't worth wasting our time no more†¦. but we believe their are some things foremen could have been done to improve lots and lots of things in the plant.High management often referred to assembly line workers as idiots. In spite of this, it was not necessary for a foreman to continue this behavior and treat and refer to his subordinates as â€Å"idiots†, or treat them like dumb asses. It ain't that hard to treat people with a little r-e-s-p-e-k-t. Workers had suggestions about how to improve work performance on the assembly line, but the half-baked f oremen never passed them along to upper management. Another quote from â€Å"Loose Bolts? â€Å", â€Å"The whole plant runs on fear.Everybody's scared, from the top down. † â€Å"General Motors imported foremen from existing GM plants. General Motors thus inadvertently channeled the energies and sympathies of ambitious young workers away from the company and into union activism. From the beginning, the plant was a site of labor-management conflict. † (Joseph A. Arena, â€Å"The Little Car that Did Nothing Right: the 1972 Lordstown Assembly Strike, the Chevrolet Vega, and the Unraveling of Growth Economics†) Lee Iacoocoo CEO, Chrysler Motors